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Fort Al Jalali
Fort al-Jalali, or Ash Sharqiya Fort, is a fort in the harbor of the old city of Muscat, Oman. The fort was built by the Portuguese in the 1580s to protect the harbor after Muscat had twice been sacked by Ottoman forces. It fell to Omani forces in 1650. During the civil wars between 1718 and 1747, the fort was twice captured by Persians who had been invited to assist one of the rival Imams. The fort was extensively rebuilt later.
At times, al Jalali served as a refuge or a jail for a member of the royal family. For much of the 20th century it was used as Oman's main prison, but this function ended in the 1970s. Fort al-Jalali was restored in 1983 and converted into a private museum of Omani cultural history that is accessible only to dignitaries visiting the country. Exhibits include cannons, old muskets and matchlocks, maps, rugs and other artifacts.
==Etymology==
The Portuguese called the structure ''Forte de São João'' (Fort St. John). The origin of the present name "Al Jalali" is disputed. One theory is that it comes from the Arabic ''Al Jalal'', which means "great beauty". Another is that it is named after a Persian leader called "Jalal Shah". And there may have been a Baluchi or Arab commander called Jalal—however, this is not supported by any historical record. Al Jalali Fort is also known as the Ash Sharqiya Fort.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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